Ποιος χρονολόγησε Grigory Potemkin;
Catherine II of Russia Η διαφορά ηλικίας ήταν 10 χρόνια, 4 μήνες και 22 ημέρες.
Grigory Potemkin
Prince Grigory Aleksandrovich Potemkin-Tauricheski (11 October [O.S. 30 September] 1739 – 16 October [O.S. 5 October] 1791) was a Russian military leader, statesman, nobleman, and favourite of Catherine the Great. He died during negotiations over the Treaty of Iași, which ended a war with the Ottoman Empire that he had overseen.
Potemkin was born into a family of middle-income landowners of Russian nobility. He first attracted Catherine's favor for helping in her 1762 coup, then distinguished himself as a military commander in the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774). He became Catherine's lover, favorite and possibly her consort. After their passion cooled, he remained her lifelong friend and favored statesman. Catherine obtained for him the title of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire and gave him the title of Prince of the Russian Empire among many others: he was both a Grand Admiral and the head of all of Russia's land and irregular forces. Potemkin's achievements include the peaceful annexation of the Crimea (1783) and the successful second Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792), during which the armed forces under his command besieged Ochakov.
In 1775, Potemkin became the governor-general of Russia's new southern provinces. An absolute ruler, he worked to colonize the wild steppes, controversially dealing firmly with the Cossacks who lived there. He founded the towns of Kherson, Nikolayev, Sevastopol, and Yekaterinoslav. Ports in the region became bases for his new Black Sea Fleet.
His rule in the south is associated with the (probably mythical) "Potemkin village", a ruse involving the construction of painted façades to mimic real villages, full of happy, well-fed people, for visiting officials to see. Potemkin was known for his love of women, gambling and material wealth. He oversaw the construction of many historically significant buildings, including the Tauride Palace in Saint Petersburg.
Διαβάστε περισσότερα...Catherine II of Russia
Catherine II (en russe : Екатерина II) ou Catherine la Grande (Екатери́на Вели́кая), née Sophie Frédérique Augusta d'Anhalt-Zerbst le 2 mai 1729 à Stettin en Poméranie (aujourd'hui Szczecin en Pologne) et morte le 17 novembre 1796 à Saint-Pétersbourg, est l'épouse du prince puis empereur Pierre III (1728-1762). Elle devient impératrice régnante de Russie en 1762 jusqu'à sa mort, à la suite d'un coup d'État le 9 juillet 1762, suivi de l'incarcération de Pierre III, puis de son exécution le 17 juillet par un proche de Catherine.
Prénommée Catherine lors de son baptême orthodoxe, nécessaire avant son mariage avec le prince Pierre, elle devient impératrice consort après l'avènement de celui-ci (5 janvier 1762). Après son coup d'État, elle se fait proclamer « impératrice et autocrate de toutes les Russies ».
Elle règne personnellement sur l'Empire russe du 9 juillet 1762 à sa mort le 17 novembre 1796. Sous son règne, la Russie connaît une grande expansion territoriale vers l'ouest et le sud (plus de 500 000 km2), notamment à l'occasion des trois partages de la Pologne (1772, 1793 et 1795) et de guerres victorieuses contre l'Empire ottoman.
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